Okwangoku, ubhubhani omtsha we-pneumonia unempembelelo enkulu kuqoqosho lwehlabathi kunye nemisebenzi yezoqoqosho, utshintsho olunzulu kwi-geopolitics, kunye nokunyusa uxinzelelo kukhuseleko lwamandla. Uphuhliso loshishino lwale mihla lwemichiza yamalahle kwilizwe lam lubaluleke kakhulu ngokweqhinga.
Kutshanje, u-Xie Kechang, usekela-mphathi we-Academy yaseTshayina yobuNjineli kunye nomlawuli weLebhu ePhambili yeSayensi yamalahle kunye neTekhnoloji yeSebe lezeMfundo yeYunivesithi yaseTaiyuan yeTekhnoloji, wabhala inqaku elithi ishishini lemichiza yamalahle yanamhlanje, njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo ye inkqubo yamandla, kufuneka "ikhuthaze imveliso yamandla kunye nenguqu yokusetyenziswa kunye nokwakha i-Low-carbon ecocekileyo, inkqubo yamandla ekhuselekileyo nesebenzayo" sisikhokelo esipheleleyo, kunye neemfuno ezisisiseko "ezicocekileyo, i-carbon ephantsi, ekhuselekileyo kunye esebenzayo” ziimfuno ezisisiseko zophuhliso loshishino lwale mihla lwemichiza yamalahle ngexesha “leSicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu ye-14”. Uthumo "lweziqinisekiso ezintandathu" lufuna isiqinisekiso senkqubo yamandla eyomeleleyo yokubuyiselwa ngokupheleleyo kwemveliso kunye nolungelelwaniso lokuphila kunye nokubuyiselwa koqoqosho lwaseTshayina.
Ubume bobuchule boshishino lwelizwe lam lwemichiza yamalahle khange bucace
U-Xie Kechang wazisa ukuba emva kweminyaka yophuhliso, ishishini lelizwe lam lemichiza yamalahle lenze inkqubela enkulu. Okokuqala, umlinganiselo opheleleyo uphambi kwehlabathi, okwesibini, inqanaba lokusebenza lokubonisa okanye izibonelelo zemveliso ziye zaphuculwa ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye okwesithathu, inxalenye enkulu yethekhnoloji ikwinqanaba eliphambili lamazwe ngamazwe okanye elihamba phambili. Nangona kunjalo, kusekho ezinye izinto ezithintelayo kuphuhliso lweshishini lale mihla lemichiza yamalahle kwilizwe lam.
Isicwangciso sophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso akucaci kakuhle. Amalahle awona mandla aphambili e-China yokuzimela amandla. Uluntu alunalwazi ngeshishini lale mihla lemichiza yamalahle kunye nemveliso yeekhemikhali eziluhlaza ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezinokucoceka kwaye zisebenze kakuhle, kwaye ngokuyinxenye zithathe indawo yoshishino lwepetrochemical, emva koko "de-coalization" kunye "nevumba lokutshintsha kwekhemikhali", nto leyo eyenza ishishini lemichiza yamalahle eTshayina libonakale. ibekwe ngokweqhinga Ayizange icace kwaye icace, nto leyo ekhokelele kutshintsho lomgaqo-nkqubo kunye nemvakalelo yokuba amashishini akhwele “i-roller coaster”.
Iintsilelo zangaphakathi zichaphazela umgangatho wokhuphiswano lwemizi-mveliso. Imboni yeekhemikhali zamalahle ngokwayo inokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuguqulwa kwezibonelelo, kunye neengxaki zokukhuselwa kwendalo ezibangelwa "inkunkuma emithathu", ngakumbi amanzi amdaka ekhemikhali yamalahle, zivelele; ngenxa yokulungelelaniswa kwe-hydrogen (ukuguqulwa) okuyimfuneko kwitekhnoloji yale mihla yamalahle, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye nokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kuphezulu; Ngenxa yenani elikhulu leemveliso eziziiprayimari, uphuhliso olunganelanga lweemveliso ezisulungekisiweyo, ezahluliweyo, kunye nezikhethekileyo ezisezantsi, inzuzo yokuthelekisa ishishini ayibonakali, kwaye ukukhuphisana akunamandla; ngenxa yesikhewu ekudityanisweni kobuchwephesha kunye nolawulo lwemveliso, iindleko zemveliso ziphezulu, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle ngokupheleleyo kusasele kuPhuculwa njl.
Ummandla wangaphandle uthintela uphuhliso lwemizi-mveliso. Ixabiso lepetroleum kunye nonikezelo, umthamo wemveliso kunye nemarike, ulwabiwo lwezibonelelo kunye nerhafu, ukuxhaswa ngemali kunye nembuyekezo yekhredithi, umthamo wokusingqongileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi, i-greenhouse gas kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezinto eziphuma ngaphandle ezichaphazela uphuhliso lwelizwe lam loshishino lwemichiza yamalahle. Imiba enye okanye ebekwe ngaphezulu kumaxesha athile kunye nemimandla ethile ayithinteli ngokuqatha kuphela uphuhliso olusempilweni lweshishini lemichiza yamalahle, kodwa kwakhona yanciphisa kakhulu isakhono soqoqosho sokuchasana nomngcipheko kumashishini amiselweyo.
Kufuneka kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kwezoqoqosho kunye nobuchule bokuchasana nomngcipheko
Ukhuseleko lwamandla ngumba obanzi nonobuchule onxulumene nophuhliso lwezoqoqosho nentlalo yaseTshayina. Ijongwe nemekobume yophuhliso entsonkothileyo yasekhaya neyamazwe ngamazwe, uphuhliso lwamandla acocekileyo lwaseTshayina lufuna uphuhliso olusebenzayo lobuchule obuphezulu bokususa ungcoliseko, ubuchwephesha obulungelelanisiweyo bokungcolisa, kunye nokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka. Itekhnoloji yeZero-emission kunye netekhnoloji "yenkunkuma emithathu" yokusetyenziswa kobutyebi, ixhomekeke kwiiprojekthi zokubonisa ukuphumeza ushishino ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, ngokusekwe kubume bemo yezulu, imo engqongileyo yamanzi kunye nomthamo wokusingqongileyo komhlaba, ngokwesayensi isasaza isiseko samalahle. ishishini lemichiza yamandla. Kwelinye icala, kuyimfuneko ukuseka nokuphucula amandla asekelwe emalahleni kunye nemigangatho yemveliso ecocekileyo yeekhemikhali kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo enxulumene nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo, ukuphucula inkqubo yolawulo lwemveliso ecocekileyo yokuvunywa kweprojekthi, ulongamelo lwenkqubo epheleleyo kunye novavanyo lwasemva, ukucacisa uxanduva lokongamela; ukwenza inkqubo yokuphendula, kunye nokukhokela nokulawula amandla asekelwe kumalahle Uphuhliso olucocekileyo lweshishini lemichiza.
U-Xie Kechang ucebise ukuba malunga nophuhliso lwekhabhoni ephantsi, kuyimfuneko ukucacisa ukuba yeyiphi imboni yeekhemikhali zamandla asekelwe kumalahle anokuyenza kwaye ayenzi ekunciphiseni i-carbon. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo izibonelelo ze-CO ekugxilwe kakhulu kwimveliso kwinkqubo yoshishino lweekhemikhali zamandla asekelwe kumalahle kunye nokuhlola ngenkuthalo iteknoloji ye-CCUS. Ukusasazwa okuphezulu kwe-CCS ephezulu kunye nophando oluphambili kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-CCUS efana nezikhukhula ze-CO kunye ne-CO-to-olefins ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo ye-CO; kwelinye icala, akunakwenzeka ukuba "uphose impuku" kwaye ungayihoyi iimpawu zenkqubo yoshishino lwamalahle ekhemikhali ephezulu yekhabhoni, kwaye inqanda Uphuhliso lwezenzululwazi lweshishini lekhemikhali elisekelwe kumalahle lifuna ubugcisa obuphazamisayo ukuba baphule. ngokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kokukhutshwa kumthombo kunye nokonga amandla kunye nokuphuculwa kobuchule, kunye nokwenza buthathaka ubume bekhabhoni ephezulu kushishino lwemichiza yamandla asekwe kumalahle.
Ngokubhekiselele kuphuhliso olukhuselekileyo, urhulumente kufuneka acacise ukubaluleka kobuchule kunye nokubekwa kwemizi-mveliso yeekhemikhali zamandla asekwe kumalahle njengelitye le-ballast kukhuseleko lwamandla elizwe lam, kwaye ngokunyanisekileyo athathele ingqalelo uphuhliso olucocekileyo nolusebenzayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamalahle njengendawo yokuqhubela phambili kunye nesiseko sophuhliso. umsebenzi ophambili wenguqu nophuhliso lwamandla. Ngexesha elifanayo, kuyimfuneko ukukhokela ukuqulunqwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yokucwangciswa kwamandla asekelwe kumalahle kunye nophuhliso lweekhemikhali, ukukhokela ukutshatyalaliswa kwezinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe, kunye nokukhuthaza ngokucwangcisiweyo ukukhuthaza amandla asekelwe kumalahle kunye namashishini emichiza ukuze afezekise ngokuthe ngcembe umboniso wokuphucula, urhwebo oluphakathi kunye noshishino olupheleleyo; ukuqulunqa imigaqo-nkqubo yesiqinisekiso esifanelekileyo sezoqoqosho nezemali ukuphucula Ukuphumeza uqoqosho kunye nokhuphiswano lwamashishini, ukwenza isikali esithile sokukwazi ukutshintsha i-oli negesi endaweni yamandla, nokudala imeko-bume elungileyo yangaphandle kuphuhliso loshishino lwale mihla lwemichiza yamalahle.
Ngokubhekiselele kuphuhliso olusebenzayo oluphezulu, kuyafuneka ukuba kuqhutywe uphando kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso yetekhnoloji yeekhemikhali zamandla asekelwe kumalahle afana ngqo ne-olefins/aromatics, i-pyrolysis yamalahle kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwegesi, kunye nokuqonda impumelelo kumandla. ukonga kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa; ukukhuthaza ngamandla ishishini lemichiza yamandla asekwe kumalahle kunye Uphuhliso oludibeneyo lwamandla kunye namanye amashishini, ukwandisa ikhonkco lemizi-mveliso, ukuvelisa iikhemikhali ezikumgangatho ophezulu, iimpawu, kunye nexabiso eliphezulu, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwezoqoqosho, ukumelana nomngcipheko kunye nokhuphiswano; ukujula ukulawulwa kwamandla okugcina amandla, kugxininise ekukhuthazeni uchungechunge lwetheknoloji yokulondoloza amandla njengobuchwephesha bokusetyenziswa kwamandla obushushu obuphantsi , Ukugcinwa kwamalahle kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi ubuchwepheshe, ukwandisa ubuchwepheshe benkqubo, kunye nokuphucula ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi bamandla. (Meng Fanjun)
Ukudluliselwa ukusuka: Iindaba zeShishini laseTshayina
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-21-2020